The basis of the tincture is Chinese herbs or yao. To achieve maximum effectiveness, we use only the highest quality ingredients and do not dilute the finished tincture further. The GRUMPY OLD MAN tincture is based on a recipe of traditional Chinese medicine Suan Zao Ren Tang Jia Wei.  YaoMedica's alcohol tinctures are based on Chinese herbs and mushrooms. To achieve maximum efficiency, we use only the highest quality raw material. Herbs or mushrooms are first crushed on a special machine to a very fine powder, then macerated in 50% alcohol for up to one month. We dynamize the macerate every day and do not dilute the finished tinctures in any way. Which is very important. The mechanism of release of active substances during maceration in 50% alcohol is much more intense compared to herbal decoctions or hot-water extracts. When using tinctures, the active ingredients are released already in the oral cavity, which contributes to higher effectiveness. Composition: water, alcohol Suan Zao Ren - spiny jujube, seed - Sem. ziziphi spinosae - 12.3 g Dan Shen - red-root sage, root - Rad. Salviae - 3.7g Zhi Mu- anemarhena asphodella, rhizome - Rhiz. Anemarrhenae - 3.7 g Ye Jiao Teng - knotweed, stem - Cau. Polygoni Multiflori - 4,9g Bai Zi Ren - Sem . biotae orientalis - 3.7 g Fu Shen - coconut pork, fruiting body with root - Scler. Paradicis poriae cocos - 3.7 g Zi Wan - aster, root - Rad. Asteris - 3.7g Sha Ren - shama bushy, fruit - Fruc. AMOMI - 1.2g Gan Cao - licorice, root - Rad. glycyrrhizae - 1.2 g